People of the country are fed up with noise and air pollution. In particular, the poor condition of the people across the country including the capital due to noise and air pollution. The capital city of Dhaka is under the grip of terrible noise and air pollution. Every year, according to the researches of various domestic and foreign organizations, Dhaka ranks second in the world in terms of noise and air pollution. These studies have come out by examining the quality of air in different cities of the world, Dhaka’s air is the most polluted. In the process of breathing, various pollutants mixed with the air enter the lungs and cause various diseases. According to a study by the Department of Environment, noise and air pollution in Dhaka are five times higher than the tolerable level. Thousands of children die every year in Dhaka due to harmful effects of noise and air pollution. 200 micrograms of SPM per cubic meter of space in the capital in 24 hours. This is twice the national standard and 10 times higher than the World Health Organization standard. On the other hand, according to the report of Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, 100 kg of lead, 3 thousand 500 kg of SPM, 1 thousand 500 kg of sulfur-dioxide, 14 tons of hydrogen chloride and 60 tons of carbon monoxide are mixed in the air of Dhaka in 24 hours. These chemicals are causing serious damage to human health. These harmful substances enter Dhaka’s air through various types of vehicles, factories, smoke generated by burning bricks in brick kilns and unsafe waste management in hospitals. Even the air of Dhaka is mixed with harmful chemicals due to unsafe sewage. Among the vehicles that pollute the environment are trucks, some types of buses, other diesel vehicles and other vehicles including two-stroke motorcycles. Air pollution causes diseases such as heart disease, high blood pressure, asthma, various types of cancer, mood swings and low IQ. Not only factories and vehicles, unsafe hospital waste management is also responsible for air pollution. Bags with blood, used syringes, gauze-bandages, various parts of the human body, etc. are being thrown in open places using needles and blood used in hospitals. These wastes are polluting the environment by mixing chemicals in the environment. A lot of ammonia gas is mixing in the sky of Dhaka every day. This ammonia is mixed with faeces and urine released under the open sky. Ammonia gas is responsible for various diseases including lung diseases. Moreover, airborne harmful particles are created from faeces and manure and they harm the lungs. According to the report of Science magazine, Dhaka ranks fifth in the world in terms of air pollution. According to the Global Environment Index, the capital has carbon 50 times higher than the acceptable 290-300 ppm (parts per million) level. That is, the amount of carbon in Dhaka is 350 ppm. These ppm are coming from the brick kilns near Dhaka and from the fumes of old cars. These cars cannot burn the fuel completely, releasing it into the air in the form of particles. In addition, PPMs are coming from emissions of industrial fumes and toxic substances into the air, and from road construction and other sources. One of the causes of air pollution is dust, factories, vehicles and hospital waste. Other countries of the world have taken various steps to reduce air pollution, but in Bangladesh it is limited to words and papers. If we do not take practical measures to prevent air pollution, the health of the people of the capital and the entire country will continue to deteriorate. Along with air pollution, noise pollution is also increasing alarmingly in the capital. Along with that, various physical and mental problems are increasing. Experts fear that if noise pollution continues to increase, the nation will give birth to a sick generation in the future. Effective measures should be taken now to control noise pollution. The current noise level in the country is more than twice the normal sound absorption capacity of humans. But there is no such initiative to control this pollution. Although there are high court restrictions on the use of hydraulic horns in vehicles to reduce noise pollution, they are not being followed properly. In Bangladesh 9.6 percent or one and a half million people are suffering from the problem of deafness. One of the causes of this deafness is noise pollution. Apart from deafness due to noise pollution, people can suffer from various other problems. Headache, pain in the eyes, feeling sluggish in the body, loss of appetite, heart problems; Many such problems can be caused by noise pollution. Apart from this, noise pollution can also cause irritability. Our children are more affected by noise pollution. According to the noise pollution control rules as per government law, noise pollution within at least 100 meters around all hospitals, educational institutions and offices courts is a punishable offence. But these are written in the book but there is no implementation. According to the World Health Organization, the normal human noise level is 40-50 decibels. 60 decibels of sound can temporarily deafen people. According to the agency, noise levels in residential areas should be 55 decibels during the day and 45 decibels at night; 65 decibels during the day, 55 decibels at night in commercial areas; Industrial areas should have sound levels between 75 decibels during the day and 65 decibels at night. And the silence zone or silent area in the hospital should have a sound level of 50 decibels during the day and 40 decibels at night. High Court has given directions regarding hydraulic horn. But members of BRTA and law and order forces are not performing their duties properly. Because almost all large cars on the road still have hydraulic horns. BRTA and police are responsible for looking after them. But they are not being looked after properly, and even if they look, the expected results are not getting. Law on vehicles with hydraulic horns taking action accordingly will solve many problems. Transport accounts for 80 to 85 percent of the total noise pollution in Dhaka. Although there is a High Court restriction on the use of hydraulic horns in transport, it is not being followed properly. Things don’t seem to be seeing what they’re supposed to be seeing. If the law was properly enforced, we wouldn’t have to worry so much about noise pollution. This problem can be solved through public awareness. Government is working to prevent noise pollution. Apart from the government, the conscious people of the country should also come forward regarding air and noise pollution.
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